Joel S. Marcus has served as a member of our Board of Directors since January 2017. Mr. Marcus founded Alexandria Real Estate Equities, Inc., or Alexandria Real Estate, a publicly traded real estate investment trust, and currently serves as Executive Chairman after previously serving as its Chairman since May 2007, Chief Executive Officer since March 1997 and a director since its founding in 1994. Mr. Marcus also co-founded and leads Alexandria Venture Investments, LLC, a strategic venture arm of Alexandria Real Estate. Prior to founding Alexandria Real Estate, Mr. Marcus had an extensive legal career specializing in corporate finance and capital markets, venture capital and mergers and acquisitions with special expertise in the biopharmaceutical industry. Mr. Marcus currently serves on the boards of directors of Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. and MeiraGTx Holdings plc, each a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company, and previously served on the board of directors of Atara Biotherapeutics, Inc., a publicly traded immunotherapy company. He also serves on the boards of directors of several private companies. Mr. Marcus received both his BA and JD from the University of California, Los Angeles.